The Different Approaches in the Study of Personality

Table of Contents Introduction Biological Approach Humanistic Approach Personality Trait Approach Psychoanalytical Approaches Learning Approach References Introduction The study of personality is an intriguing subject. I carried out a literature review of different journal articles to analyze what different scholars had to say on the topic. In the book Essentials of Psychology authored by Robert Feldman the different approaches of studying human personality are highlighted in the fourteenth chapter.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Different Approaches in the Study of Personality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He begins by analyzing Sigmund Freud’s theory which proposes that the human personality is influenced by the experiences a human being goes through in the different stages of development. The biological approach argues that the personality of a human being is determined genetically. There are scholars who believe that personality is determined by the thoughts, values and feelings that people have. The personality trait theory proposes that the personality of a human being can be analyzed using five broad measures of personality traits. The measures focus on whether one is an extrovert or easy to get along with. Finally, there is the humanistic approach that proposes that humans are inherently good. They have positive influences on each other leading to growth of healthy personalities. This paper is an analysis of what different scholars have contributed to the study of the human personality. Biological Approach David Buss believes that the study of the biological approach will greatly help in understanding personality. Biology is the study of life. In psychology biological approaches provide different ways of evaluating psychological and behavioral trends. He mentions the three ways in his article as evolutionary, behavioral genetic and psycho physiological ap proaches (Buss, 1990). The biological study of personality has been greatly misunderstood. First of all, people think that there is a singular approach when it comes to the biological theory however there are several approaches. The second misconception causes people to believe biological approaches are against environmental approaches. This is false since evolutionary approaches describe how organisms adapt to their environments. Majority of personality research is done without the influence of a biological outlook. Buss shows that the biological viewpoint addresses nine concerns in the area of personality. He argues that it provides a sufficient explanation of human nature. A further study of biology will provide many solutions to uncover the mystery of genetic variability in species. It will also help in the identification of the fundamental behaviors that differentiate individuals. There is a need to provide clarity when it comes to the concepts of adaptation and adjustment. The biological approach provides the required information. It provides clarity since it recognizes the genesis of personality dispositions. It gives a closer look into personality development and the study of life history.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also provides models and standards in analyzing personality forms instead of personality dimensions. It also shows the need of tackling the psychophysiology aspect of personality. Lastly, the biological approach helps one to concentrate on psychological mechanisms as the means of solving any problems that arise. The personality neuroscience field is based on the fact that one cannot comprehend the whole person exclusive of the human brain. Neuroscience methods are used to examine individual diversity. This is in relation to behavior, stimulus, feelings, and cognition. Personality psychology has clearly assisted scholars in u nderstanding the important dimensions of personality however it offers less in understanding the biological causes of these measures. The field of neuroscience has been growing rapidly and bringing more clarity in the area. DeYoung wrote an article where he gives analysis of the growth of neuroscience in examining personality traits structured using a hierarchical structure. The hierarchical model is based on the Big Five dimensions which are Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Openness or Intellect. He has gathered sufficient evidence proving that there are biological aspects that affect each personality trait. The data collected from personality psychology can be used in neuroscience studies. The psychological aspects that influence personality traits should interest someone who is fascinated by the study of personality neuroscience (DeYoung, 2010). Humanistic Approach Montouri and Fahim lay out a strong case on the impact of cross-cultural relationship s on personality. They examine what different writers have written on culture compared to their own personal experiences. They believe cross-cultural experiences should be seen as a source of positive impact on personality especially in the United States where there are many people of different cultures. In the United States people tend to be individualistic. They do not want to interact a lot with others. This mentality can cause people not to experience maximum personality growth (Montouri Fahim, 2004). Cross-cultural encounters cause people to examine their own beliefs and systems especially on how they perceiving the world around them. It causes one to engage in learning and relearning and in the process people experience a lot of growth and change. It makes individuals more open, friendly and accommodating. This is also an area of research that may provide great research materials.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Different Approaches in the Study of Personality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Patterson and Joseph studied the person-centered model in relation to modern developments in the field of positive psychology. Carl Rogers’s person-centered theory proposes that human species have an inherent trend toward growth, development and maximum functioning. This assumption is used as the leading code for client centered healing practice. The researchers came up with five hypotheses in order to test the assumptions of the person-centered theory. First of all they wanted to know whether men are born with an innate need to actualize. Are there socio-environmental conditions that increase the desire for self-actualization? They also wanted to know whether change process outcomes lead to healthy psychological functioning. Do others affect the change process? Do negative remarks stop the change process? Finally, will the changed share common values? Theoretical similariti es and points of union between the self-determination and person-centered model were pointed out. The self-determination theory analyses behaviors as either intrinsically or extrinsically motivated. The empirical evidence gathered showed significant implications on the major hypothesis of the person-centered model. The empirical findings showed that the five hypotheses raised were true (Patterson Joseph, 2007). The researchers argue that based on the results the person-centered model provides helpful conditions for the therapeutic transformation. The transformation leads to a favorable social environment. It is very important to use this convergence of theories and evidence to deal with the criticism of the person-centered model. There are arguments that the person-centered model lacks sufficient evidence. Researchers can use the evidence gathered concerning the person-centered approach by these authors in their future work. Meta-theoretical theories have potential contribution to positive psychology. Personality Trait Approach At times circumstances may force researchers to use short instruments or nil instruments while conducting various research projects. Gossling, Rentfrow, and Swann wrote an article where they evaluated the new 5 and 10-item measures of the big five personality dimension. The big five structure has great support. It is the most widely used research model for personality traits. However, it has not been accepted universally. Big five structure is a hierarchical theory of personality traits based on five wide factors. Researchers at time work on limited time. They are forced to use a brief instrument for the big-five personality dimension otherwise they will not conduct the research at all.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this article, studies are conducted to evaluate the new 5 and 10-item measures of the big five personality traits. The authors were looking at parameters such as test-retest reliability, patterns of predicted external correlates and unity between self and observers’ ratings. Their findings proved that the researchers may use brief instruments instead of the longer big-five instruments. There are times the research conditions necessitate the use of a brief instrument. The 10-item is recommended out of the two instruments. This is based on the fact that the instrument has proven to be psychometrically superior, it allows researchers to check for errors and it takes about one minute to complete the test (Gossling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003). Sulloway did an analysis of the revolutionary theory and personality psychology and in light of the scientific revolutions that have taken place. Sulloway suggests that the birth order of children in a human family shapes their personalities . Children in human families fight for parental resources through creating distinctive roles for themselves. He argues that the first born is usually responsible, competitive and reserved while the rest get their identity by being playful and rebellious. The effects of birth order on children personalities were examined by Jefferson, Jeffrey and McCrae in 1998. Their findings revealed that there was no relationship between personality and birth order. They got a sample that was representative of the nation and analyzed several qualities in people. Was an individual an extrovert? Was he open to people? Their results on the adult sample revealed that altruism and tender-mindedness had little effect on the personality traits. In the analysis of age mates the observations or results showed that children who are not the first-borns were more open and agreeable however the observations on spouses did not advance the same theory. The findings collected failed to prove that personality play s a meditational role in Sulloway’s theory of scientific revolutions (Jefferson, Jeffrey McCrae, 1998). Based on these findings it is evident that both birth order and personality are independent predictors of creativity in human lives. Psychoanalytical Approaches Sigmund Freud who was a leading psycho-analyst discovered the Oedipus complex. He realized that children also have sexual feelings as adults. After Freud unearthed his childhood memories he formed a general theory which he called the Oedipus complex. This theory originates from the phallic period in a child based on his or her aggression towards the parents. This is the source of the whole psychological structure. He proposed that the external behavior of all people proved the existence of the complex. Afroz wrote an article where he attempted to identify the effects of Oedipus complex on external behavior of humans. He analyzed the results of tests carried out on a random sample of several males and females. Freud described four types of changes of the complex. They include socialized, anti-socialized, partially repressed and abnormally socialized type. This theory received a lot of critics from other researchers. The theory seemed controversial due to the high emphasis of the child’s sexuality as its origin. Freud truly believed so much in the sexual basis of the complex that he immediately refused to consider other explanations. After considering the results of the survey, the author concludes that the Oedipus complex is the source of all positive and negative emotions (Afroz, 2009). Baumeister, Dale and Sommer in 1998 carried out a literature review of different articles on Freud’s theory of defense mechanisms exhibited in individuals. The strategy adopted depends on an individual’s personality. The researchers focused on writers who had carried out various forms primary data collection and analysis. They focused on populations with no special cases when it came to de fense of self-esteem against threats that was not extreme in nature. They found that people did exhibit denial, reaction formation, isolation and undoing. However there was no conclusive evidence that projection, sublimation and displacement were used by personality types as defense mechanisms (Baumeister, Dale Sommer, 1998). It is an interesting area of personality and provides an area for further research. It would be interesting to find out why certain personalities chose one type of defense mechanism over the other. Learning Approach Dweck in 2008 was interested in finding out whether a person’s beliefs could change his or her personality. He believed more research should be carried out on beliefs since people’s personality transformed every time they acquired new beliefs. The case studies analyzed showed that the individuals who were open to change and acquiring new beliefs performed better in life when faced with challenges. Adopting a learning ability caused th em to be malleable increasing their adaptability in life. All they had to do was change their beliefs. Those who were rigid or fixed when hit with challenges were de-motivated. Secondly people’s acceptance or rejection caused people to behave in certain ways. If a person had a belief that he would be rejected, he would be insecure and have fragile relationships. People who knew they were accepted were more confident and exhibited stronger relationships and high confidence. If the expectations for acceptance or rejection were changed, it would have a profound change in someone’s personality. If one knew they were accepted, he would be more confident even in the face of challenges (Dweck, 2008). There is growth in interest in forming synthetic agents which are efficient as the human agents. This will require extensive programming to create such artificial agents who act as natural agents. Behavioral scientists are required to issue the codes for the system. They cannot a fford to act as consultants. Decoding the personality traits into the tangible behavior of agents using available modern programming structure has proven to be a hard task. This is due to the requirement of a level of code complexity which makes the system out of reach to the behavioral scientists. Simpkins, Isbel and Marcquez suggest that the reinforcement learning approach can solve the problem. Reinforcement learning approach attempts to equip the synthetic agents with human personality traits and motivational factors. The creation of a system that is accessible to the behavioral scientists and increases the knowledge of the rich agents directly while minimizing the complexity of the programming is promising. It is important to find a way to derive the concrete behavior of an agent straight from the psychological personality models. This vision needs to be studied further to make it a reality (Simpkins, Isbel and Marcquez, 2010). References Afroz, T. (2009). Social Explanation of Oedipus Complex: A Psycho-analysis of Human Behavior. TMC Academic Journal, 4(2): 8-18. Baumeister, R. Dale, K., Sommer, K.(1998). Freudian Defense Mechanisms and Empirical Findings in Modern Social Psychology: Reaction Formation, Projection, Displacement, Undoing, Isolation, Sublimation, and Denial. Journal of Personality, 66(6): 1081-1095. Buss, D. (1990). Towards a Biologically Informed Psychology of Personality.  Journal of Personality, 15(8), 1-17. Dweck, C. (2008). Can Personality be Changed? The role of Beliefs in Personality and Change. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 391-394. DeYoung, C. (2010). Personality Neuroscience and the Biology of Traits. Social and  Personality Psychology Compass, 4(12): 1165-1180. Jefferson, T., Jeffrey H. McCrae, R. (1998). Associations between Birth Order and Personality Traits: Evidence from Self-Reports and Observer Ratings. Journal of Research in Personality, 32, 498-509. Gossling, S., Rentfrow, P., Swann, W. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504-528. Montouri, A. Fahim, U. (2004). Cross-Culture Encounter as an opportunity for Personal Growth. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 44, 243-265. Patterson, T. Joseph, S. (2007). Person-Centered Personality Theory: Support From Self Determination Theory And Positive Psychology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 47(1): 117-139. Simpkins, C., Isbel, C., Marcquez, N. (2010). Deriving Behavior from Personality: A Reinforcement Learning Approach. In Proceedings of the International Conference of Cognitive Modeling, 1-6. This research paper on The Different Approaches in the Study of Personality was written and submitted by user Zeke Beasley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of U.S. Presidents essays

History of U.S. Presidents essays All together, to date, there has been 42 Presidents. There seemed to be three main eras of presidency: forming our country, perfecting the way we run it, and advancing ourselves, globally and nationally. It all began with George Washington. He is considered to be the founding father of our nation by many people. He was born in 1732 in Virginia, and died in 1799. He was 56 years old when elected in 1789. At first, George was reluctant to take on the task of being President. Before he left for his inauguration, he wrote, About ten oclock I bade adieu to Mt. Vernon, to private life, and to domestic felicity, and with a mind oppressed with more anxious and painful sensations than I care to express, set out for New York. With this statement, Washington is saying that he knows it will be a hard road to travel, and that he will no longer be able to enjoy the right to secrecy, that all he does will be known, yet he still took the job. Washington took the oath of office on April 30th, 1789. Before being a president, he had been a plantation manager and a soldier. He had no real experience in government. Early in Washingtons Presidency, he was careful and deliberate in his actions, and was aware for the need to build a structure that would help future presidents. At the end of his first term, he was reelected in 1792. During the war between England and France, Washington chose to be neutral to the matter. Washington left office in 1797, when John Adams took over. This begins the first stage of my report, forming our country. To form our country, we first needed a strong economy, and to do that, we needed a good financial system. When Washington left office, this was already well in place. During Adams presidency, he had many problems with international relationships. The French/British war was still going on, and America was being pulled between sides. Unfortunately, being ...

How to Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your Brand

How to Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your Brand Think about the content you share for a second. Is it all your own content? If so, that needs to change. As much as your audience may love you, they want to see a variety of content. This is what we call content curation. Its simply sharing the content from others similar to you on social media.  Sharing others’  content is one of the best ways to show that you’re not all about you, and that you value a variety of perspectives beyond your own. If you are already curating content, are you doing it correctly? Is it the right content for your audience? Lets take a look! By the end of this post, youll be a pro at content curation. Table of Contents Whats the Definition of Content Curation? What Are the Benefits? See Some Examples of Well-Curated Content What Content Should Your Company Curate? Choosing Tools and Developing a Workflow The Best Curation Frequency and MixHow To Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your BrandWhat Is  Social Media Content Curation? Marketers borrowed the word curate from museums. Curators are the ones who strategically choose  collections of art that appeal to a specific audience to feature in their museums. When you apply that concept  to social media curation, the definition looks like this: Content curation involves: Planning topics your audience loves. Searching for content from others that ties into those topics and your audiences interests. Sharing only the best information you find on your social networks for your audience to. To help you get started, here are a a few freebies to download: Content Curation Template: Keep track of your favorite content curation sources with this Excel template. Content Curation Frequency Infographic: Know the best frequency and mix for sharing content. Social Media Marketing Calendar: Plan every post, all in one place. Five Key Benefits to Curating Content There are many reasons a team will turn to using curated content for social media. Your Marketing Team Can't Produce Enough Social Media Content  On Their Own Social media requires a steady stream of professional, reputable content. Twitter alone should have about 15 unique posts a day (typically). By utilizing great curated content, you're able to fill those gaps more easily. How to Curate Content For Social Media To Help Boost Your ReachIt's Efficient and Cost-Effective Since you're not being slowed down by creating every piece of content yourself, curation is a great way to still have a content marketing strategy in place without investing a huge amount of money and time. Position Your Brand as a Thought Leader Once you get to know your audience and curate only the best, most share-worthy content tailored to them, you'll be recognized as a trustworthy and dependable specialist in your area. In other words, they'll trust that you know what you're talking about. Maintain Conversations With Your Audience Especially in the early stages of your content initiative, it's important that you figure out exactly who your audience is and what kind of content they like to devour and share. The only way to do this is by experimenting with several different content types, and the last thing you should be doing is creating all  of that content. By curating and tracking performance, you quickly pick up on what your audience  finds valuable, in what format they like to consume, from which sources, at what time of day, etc. For audiences that are more mobile and social, content curation is a great way to start and maintain a conversation every day. It also allows you to be present with your audience without making it all about you. Experiment with content types and topics to find  out what your readers  want. #contentcurationIt's a Great Way to Connect With Influencers Behind the scenes, the relationships you build with other influencers in the space by showcasing their work is a happy byproduct of content curation. Remember that analogy I made about the kid who stole homework and claimed it as his own? That's all wrong. It's more like the kid collected and compiled the best work from multiple kids' homework, printed out copies for everyone, and shared it as a study aid. #ContentCuration is like finding  the best work from everywhere and  sharing it with everyone.As a curator, when you share someone else's content, you are giving it more exposure and doing so in a favorable light. You are saying, "Hey, check this out. The message in this is totally on point." And the original content creators will remember this! When done right with proper attribution, curation creates symbiotic relationships. 7  Examples of Quality Curated Content So, what does quality social media content curation look like? Get an idea with these seven  examples. Every one of these posts does the following things: Shares something from a reputable source. Adds its own perspective with custom post copy. Adds value for each brand's audience. #1.   Convince and Convert #2. RealTruck.com #3.   Passion Planner #4. Cambria Quartz #5. Buzzfeed #6. Lemonly #7. Sanford Health Assembling Your Content Curation Toolbox Now that we've covered how awesome and beneficial content curation is, it's time to implement it into your own strategy. First off, you'll need to locate and find curation worth sharing. It's one thing to share content, but it's another thing to share good content. So where do you find this magical content? RSS readers. Gather the RSS feeds of content you know your audience will consistently enjoy. Categorize them tightly into narrowly focused topical groupings so you can better plan on the topics you’ll share when the planning stage comes. A tool like Feedly works well for this. BuzzSumo: This powerful platform is excellent for surfacing highly shared and trending content. Google Alerts. Sign up for Google Alerts on topics your readers care about.  Be cautious about two things: 1) make your search as narrow as possible, or you’ll regret the flood of information, and 2) read the content you find since it’s a bit of a wild card what Google will dig up for you. You can send these alerts directly to your email. Focused social network lists. Create Twitter lists  of people who  belong in particular niches. Having all of the users in your general news feed isn’t helpful if you're trying to curate according to topic when it comes time to plan. Just as you want to categorize your RSS feeds, you ought to do the same with your social feeds. Forums and groups. Places like Inbound.org and other similar industry or niche related forums are perfect places to find currently hot content. Look to curate  content that is getting a lot of discussion on it. Pieces that die in silence without much reaction can be seen as being down-voted by the crowd. That kind of content is  probably not something your audience is going to want to read and talk about, either. Sign up for emails. Find great email newsletters that consistently share content you might not otherwise find. They’re doing curation of their own, and there’s nothing stopping you from making use of their finds. Just be sure to check them out to be sure it’s something your audience would want. Don’t assume  just because someone else gave it a seal of approval. If you're looking for more options, check out this list of tools  from Curata. With tools like Feedly and Storify, you can create different categories of content and save time!  In the social media world we have  no time to spare, so curation tools are here to help. Know What And How To Curate You can’t share junk. No one wants their social feed filled with garbage, so simply publishing posts for the sake of needing to do it is a bad idea. Find the best content, the content you enjoyed, the content your audience members are sharing and talking about, the content that is actually helpful. Curate and share only the best content your audience is  talking about that is actually helpful.That means you have to actually read the stuff. You have to be willing to go past the headline and make sure the content you’re going to share is well-written, well-thought, and (here’s a pet peeve of mine) accessible if your audience member doesn’t have a subscription to a website. Nothing is more irksome than following a link to a piece of content I can’t read unless I subscribe. Unless you know your audience is mostly subscribed to a site, share that content by linking, summarizing, commenting on, and quoting it in your own standalone blog post. If a tool makes it easy to fill your content curation schedule with recommended content without you having to read it, be careful. You're trusting them to curate for you and your audience is expecting you to be the tour guide in the library, not someone else. Curation keeps your social schedule fresh and promotional social messages  to a minimum.Start By Finding Your Content Core As a content curator, it's your goal to share content that your audience will enjoy and benefit from.  The purpose of the content core exercise  is to understand the difference between what you do, and what you need to talk about. Visually, the content core looks something like this: At the center of your content is what you do. At , we make editorial calendar software, so this is a combination of social media and content marketing topics. For our customers, we solve problems such as: Providing a single interface for planning and executing content marketing efforts. Displaying an upcoming publishing schedule on a visualized monthly calendar. Allowing users to reschedule content via simple drag-and-drop. Facilitating team communication and an effective workflow. Providing a tool that helps them save time and grow their blog traffic. These are topics we should definitely write about and be searching for to help our audience understand a correlation between our tool and their needs. As we move away (ever so slightly) from our content core and focus on what our target audience really wants to hear about, we improve the  effectiveness  of our content marketing and better focus in on our target audience’s needs. Keep this in mind when you are searching content  through various sources. There are plenty  of tools out there that will help you with curation, you just have to figure out what your audience wants to read about then decide which sources will work best for you. Here are some examples of strong sources: Reputable publications in your industry. Blogs from other companies you partner with. Your clients, if you're an agency or consultant. Content Marketing Institute also put together a killer list of curation sources. Are you curating content from the best possible sources?Identify What Types Of Content Your Audience Likes To See Does your audience prefer videos or blog posts? How about quizzes or polls? Identify what resonates with your audience and try to curate your content types around that. But how do I know what my audience likes? Look back no more than six months into your social news feed history. Look for trends in what you’re audience responded to. If you see a 35% increase in engagement when you post videos, focus on curating video content posts. Look to your audience, they’ll tell you what they want to see. How to Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your Brand Think about the content you share for a second. Is it all your own content? If so, that needs to change. As much as your audience may love you, they want to see a variety of content. This is what we call content curation. Its simply sharing the content from others similar to you on social media.  Sharing others’  content is one of the best ways to show that you’re not all about you, and that you value a variety of perspectives beyond your own. If you are already curating content, are you doing it correctly? Is it the right content for your audience? Lets take a look! By the end of this post, youll be a pro at content curation. Table of Contents Whats the Definition of Content Curation? What Are the Benefits? See Some Examples of Well-Curated Content What Content Should Your Company Curate? Choosing Tools and Developing a Workflow The Best Curation Frequency and MixHow To Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your BrandWhat Is  Social Media Content Curation? Marketers borrowed the word curate from museums. Curators are the ones who strategically choose  collections of art that appeal to a specific audience to feature in their museums. When you apply that concept  to social media curation, the definition looks like this: Content curation involves: Planning topics your audience loves. Searching for content from others that ties into those topics and your audiences interests. Sharing only the best information you find on your social networks for your audience to. To help you get started, here are a a few freebies to download: Content Curation Template: Keep track of your favorite content curation sources with this Excel template. Content Curation Frequency Infographic: Know the best frequency and mix for sharing content. Social Media Marketing Calendar: Plan every post, all in one place. Five Key Benefits to Curating Content There are many reasons a team will turn to using curated content for social media. Your Marketing Team Can't Produce Enough Social Media Content  On Their Own Social media requires a steady stream of professional, reputable content. Twitter alone should have about 15 unique posts a day (typically). By utilizing great curated content, you're able to fill those gaps more easily. How to Curate Content For Social Media To Help Boost Your ReachIt's Efficient and Cost-Effective Since you're not being slowed down by creating every piece of content yourself, curation is a great way to still have a content marketing strategy in place without investing a huge amount of money and time. Position Your Brand as a Thought Leader Once you get to know your audience and curate only the best, most share-worthy content tailored to them, you'll be recognized as a trustworthy and dependable specialist in your area. In other words, they'll trust that you know what you're talking about. Maintain Conversations With Your Audience Especially in the early stages of your content initiative, it's important that you figure out exactly who your audience is and what kind of content they like to devour and share. The only way to do this is by experimenting with several different content types, and the last thing you should be doing is creating all  of that content. By curating and tracking performance, you quickly pick up on what your audience  finds valuable, in what format they like to consume, from which sources, at what time of day, etc. For audiences that are more mobile and social, content curation is a great way to start and maintain a conversation every day. It also allows you to be present with your audience without making it all about you. Experiment with content types and topics to find  out what your readers  want. #contentcurationIt's a Great Way to Connect With Influencers Behind the scenes, the relationships you build with other influencers in the space by showcasing their work is a happy byproduct of content curation. Remember that analogy I made about the kid who stole homework and claimed it as his own? That's all wrong. It's more like the kid collected and compiled the best work from multiple kids' homework, printed out copies for everyone, and shared it as a study aid. #ContentCuration is like finding  the best work from everywhere and  sharing it with everyone.As a curator, when you share someone else's content, you are giving it more exposure and doing so in a favorable light. You are saying, "Hey, check this out. The message in this is totally on point." And the original content creators will remember this! When done right with proper attribution, curation creates symbiotic relationships. 7  Examples of Quality Curated Content So, what does quality social media content curation look like? Get an idea with these seven  examples. Every one of these posts does the following things: Shares something from a reputable source. Adds its own perspective with custom post copy. Adds value for each brand's audience. #1.   Convince and Convert #2. RealTruck.com #3.   Passion Planner #4. Cambria Quartz #5. Buzzfeed #6. Lemonly #7. Sanford Health Assembling Your Content Curation Toolbox Now that we've covered how awesome and beneficial content curation is, it's time to implement it into your own strategy. First off, you'll need to locate and find curation worth sharing. It's one thing to share content, but it's another thing to share good content. So where do you find this magical content? RSS readers. Gather the RSS feeds of content you know your audience will consistently enjoy. Categorize them tightly into narrowly focused topical groupings so you can better plan on the topics you’ll share when the planning stage comes. A tool like Feedly works well for this. BuzzSumo: This powerful platform is excellent for surfacing highly shared and trending content. Google Alerts. Sign up for Google Alerts on topics your readers care about.  Be cautious about two things: 1) make your search as narrow as possible, or you’ll regret the flood of information, and 2) read the content you find since it’s a bit of a wild card what Google will dig up for you. You can send these alerts directly to your email. Focused social network lists. Create Twitter lists  of people who  belong in particular niches. Having all of the users in your general news feed isn’t helpful if you're trying to curate according to topic when it comes time to plan. Just as you want to categorize your RSS feeds, you ought to do the same with your social feeds. Forums and groups. Places like Inbound.org and other similar industry or niche related forums are perfect places to find currently hot content. Look to curate  content that is getting a lot of discussion on it. Pieces that die in silence without much reaction can be seen as being down-voted by the crowd. That kind of content is  probably not something your audience is going to want to read and talk about, either. Sign up for emails. Find great email newsletters that consistently share content you might not otherwise find. They’re doing curation of their own, and there’s nothing stopping you from making use of their finds. Just be sure to check them out to be sure it’s something your audience would want. Don’t assume  just because someone else gave it a seal of approval. If you're looking for more options, check out this list of tools  from Curata. With tools like Feedly and Storify, you can create different categories of content and save time!  In the social media world we have  no time to spare, so curation tools are here to help. Know What And How To Curate You can’t share junk. No one wants their social feed filled with garbage, so simply publishing posts for the sake of needing to do it is a bad idea. Find the best content, the content you enjoyed, the content your audience members are sharing and talking about, the content that is actually helpful. Curate and share only the best content your audience is  talking about that is actually helpful.That means you have to actually read the stuff. You have to be willing to go past the headline and make sure the content you’re going to share is well-written, well-thought, and (here’s a pet peeve of mine) accessible if your audience member doesn’t have a subscription to a website. Nothing is more irksome than following a link to a piece of content I can’t read unless I subscribe. Unless you know your audience is mostly subscribed to a site, share that content by linking, summarizing, commenting on, and quoting it in your own standalone blog post. If a tool makes it easy to fill your content curation schedule with recommended content without you having to read it, be careful. You're trusting them to curate for you and your audience is expecting you to be the tour guide in the library, not someone else. Curation keeps your social schedule fresh and promotional social messages  to a minimum.Start By Finding Your Content Core As a content curator, it's your goal to share content that your audience will enjoy and benefit from.  The purpose of the content core exercise  is to understand the difference between what you do, and what you need to talk about. Visually, the content core looks something like this: At the center of your content is what you do. At , we make editorial calendar software, so this is a combination of social media and content marketing topics. For our customers, we solve problems such as: Providing a single interface for planning and executing content marketing efforts. Displaying an upcoming publishing schedule on a visualized monthly calendar. Allowing users to reschedule content via simple drag-and-drop. Facilitating team communication and an effective workflow. Providing a tool that helps them save time and grow their blog traffic. These are topics we should definitely write about and be searching for to help our audience understand a correlation between our tool and their needs. As we move away (ever so slightly) from our content core and focus on what our target audience really wants to hear about, we improve the  effectiveness  of our content marketing and better focus in on our target audience’s needs. Keep this in mind when you are searching content  through various sources. There are plenty  of tools out there that will help you with curation, you just have to figure out what your audience wants to read about then decide which sources will work best for you. Here are some examples of strong sources: Reputable publications in your industry. Blogs from other companies you partner with. Your clients, if you're an agency or consultant. Content Marketing Institute also put together a killer list of curation sources. Are you curating content from the best possible sources?Identify What Types Of Content Your Audience Likes To See Does your audience prefer videos or blog posts? How about quizzes or polls? Identify what resonates with your audience and try to curate your content types around that. But how do I know what my audience likes? Look back no more than six months into your social news feed history. Look for trends in what you’re audience responded to. If you see a 35% increase in engagement when you post videos, focus on curating video content posts. Look to your audience, they’ll tell you what they want to see. How to Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your Brand Think about the content you share for a second. Is it all your own content? If so, that needs to change. As much as your audience may love you, they want to see a variety of content. This is what we call content curation. Its simply sharing the content from others similar to you on social media.  Sharing others’  content is one of the best ways to show that you’re not all about you, and that you value a variety of perspectives beyond your own. If you are already curating content, are you doing it correctly? Is it the right content for your audience? Lets take a look! By the end of this post, youll be a pro at content curation. Table of Contents Whats the Definition of Content Curation? What Are the Benefits? See Some Examples of Well-Curated Content What Content Should Your Company Curate? Choosing Tools and Developing a Workflow The Best Curation Frequency and MixHow To Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your BrandWhat Is  Social Media Content Curation? Marketers borrowed the word curate from museums. Curators are the ones who strategically choose  collections of art that appeal to a specific audience to feature in their museums. When you apply that concept  to social media curation, the definition looks like this: Content curation involves: Planning topics your audience loves. Searching for content from others that ties into those topics and your audiences interests. Sharing only the best information you find on your social networks for your audience to. To help you get started, here are a a few freebies to download: Content Curation Template: Keep track of your favorite content curation sources with this Excel template. Content Curation Frequency Infographic: Know the best frequency and mix for sharing content. Social Media Marketing Calendar: Plan every post, all in one place. Five Key Benefits to Curating Content There are many reasons a team will turn to using curated content for social media. Your Marketing Team Can't Produce Enough Social Media Content  On Their Own Social media requires a steady stream of professional, reputable content. Twitter alone should have about 15 unique posts a day (typically). By utilizing great curated content, you're able to fill those gaps more easily. How to Curate Content For Social Media To Help Boost Your ReachIt's Efficient and Cost-Effective Since you're not being slowed down by creating every piece of content yourself, curation is a great way to still have a content marketing strategy in place without investing a huge amount of money and time. Position Your Brand as a Thought Leader Once you get to know your audience and curate only the best, most share-worthy content tailored to them, you'll be recognized as a trustworthy and dependable specialist in your area. In other words, they'll trust that you know what you're talking about. Maintain Conversations With Your Audience Especially in the early stages of your content initiative, it's important that you figure out exactly who your audience is and what kind of content they like to devour and share. The only way to do this is by experimenting with several different content types, and the last thing you should be doing is creating all  of that content. By curating and tracking performance, you quickly pick up on what your audience  finds valuable, in what format they like to consume, from which sources, at what time of day, etc. For audiences that are more mobile and social, content curation is a great way to start and maintain a conversation every day. It also allows you to be present with your audience without making it all about you. Experiment with content types and topics to find  out what your readers  want. #contentcurationIt's a Great Way to Connect With Influencers Behind the scenes, the relationships you build with other influencers in the space by showcasing their work is a happy byproduct of content curation. Remember that analogy I made about the kid who stole homework and claimed it as his own? That's all wrong. It's more like the kid collected and compiled the best work from multiple kids' homework, printed out copies for everyone, and shared it as a study aid. #ContentCuration is like finding  the best work from everywhere and  sharing it with everyone.As a curator, when you share someone else's content, you are giving it more exposure and doing so in a favorable light. You are saying, "Hey, check this out. The message in this is totally on point." And the original content creators will remember this! When done right with proper attribution, curation creates symbiotic relationships. 7  Examples of Quality Curated Content So, what does quality social media content curation look like? Get an idea with these seven  examples. Every one of these posts does the following things: Shares something from a reputable source. Adds its own perspective with custom post copy. Adds value for each brand's audience. #1.   Convince and Convert #2. RealTruck.com #3.   Passion Planner #4. Cambria Quartz #5. Buzzfeed #6. Lemonly #7. Sanford Health Assembling Your Content Curation Toolbox Now that we've covered how awesome and beneficial content curation is, it's time to implement it into your own strategy. First off, you'll need to locate and find curation worth sharing. It's one thing to share content, but it's another thing to share good content. So where do you find this magical content? RSS readers. Gather the RSS feeds of content you know your audience will consistently enjoy. Categorize them tightly into narrowly focused topical groupings so you can better plan on the topics you’ll share when the planning stage comes. A tool like Feedly works well for this. BuzzSumo: This powerful platform is excellent for surfacing highly shared and trending content. Google Alerts. Sign up for Google Alerts on topics your readers care about.  Be cautious about two things: 1) make your search as narrow as possible, or you’ll regret the flood of information, and 2) read the content you find since it’s a bit of a wild card what Google will dig up for you. You can send these alerts directly to your email. Focused social network lists. Create Twitter lists  of people who  belong in particular niches. Having all of the users in your general news feed isn’t helpful if you're trying to curate according to topic when it comes time to plan. Just as you want to categorize your RSS feeds, you ought to do the same with your social feeds. Forums and groups. Places like Inbound.org and other similar industry or niche related forums are perfect places to find currently hot content. Look to curate  content that is getting a lot of discussion on it. Pieces that die in silence without much reaction can be seen as being down-voted by the crowd. That kind of content is  probably not something your audience is going to want to read and talk about, either. Sign up for emails. Find great email newsletters that consistently share content you might not otherwise find. They’re doing curation of their own, and there’s nothing stopping you from making use of their finds. Just be sure to check them out to be sure it’s something your audience would want. Don’t assume  just because someone else gave it a seal of approval. If you're looking for more options, check out this list of tools  from Curata. With tools like Feedly and Storify, you can create different categories of content and save time!  In the social media world we have  no time to spare, so curation tools are here to help. Know What And How To Curate You can’t share junk. No one wants their social feed filled with garbage, so simply publishing posts for the sake of needing to do it is a bad idea. Find the best content, the content you enjoyed, the content your audience members are sharing and talking about, the content that is actually helpful. Curate and share only the best content your audience is  talking about that is actually helpful.That means you have to actually read the stuff. You have to be willing to go past the headline and make sure the content you’re going to share is well-written, well-thought, and (here’s a pet peeve of mine) accessible if your audience member doesn’t have a subscription to a website. Nothing is more irksome than following a link to a piece of content I can’t read unless I subscribe. Unless you know your audience is mostly subscribed to a site, share that content by linking, summarizing, commenting on, and quoting it in your own standalone blog post. If a tool makes it easy to fill your content curation schedule with recommended content without you having to read it, be careful. You're trusting them to curate for you and your audience is expecting you to be the tour guide in the library, not someone else. Curation keeps your social schedule fresh and promotional social messages  to a minimum.Start By Finding Your Content Core As a content curator, it's your goal to share content that your audience will enjoy and benefit from.  The purpose of the content core exercise  is to understand the difference between what you do, and what you need to talk about. Visually, the content core looks something like this: At the center of your content is what you do. At , we make editorial calendar software, so this is a combination of social media and content marketing topics. For our customers, we solve problems such as: Providing a single interface for planning and executing content marketing efforts. Displaying an upcoming publishing schedule on a visualized monthly calendar. Allowing users to reschedule content via simple drag-and-drop. Facilitating team communication and an effective workflow. Providing a tool that helps them save time and grow their blog traffic. These are topics we should definitely write about and be searching for to help our audience understand a correlation between our tool and their needs. As we move away (ever so slightly) from our content core and focus on what our target audience really wants to hear about, we improve the  effectiveness  of our content marketing and better focus in on our target audience’s needs. Keep this in mind when you are searching content  through various sources. There are plenty  of tools out there that will help you with curation, you just have to figure out what your audience wants to read about then decide which sources will work best for you. Here are some examples of strong sources: Reputable publications in your industry. Blogs from other companies you partner with. Your clients, if you're an agency or consultant. Content Marketing Institute also put together a killer list of curation sources. Are you curating content from the best possible sources?Identify What Types Of Content Your Audience Likes To See Does your audience prefer videos or blog posts? How about quizzes or polls? Identify what resonates with your audience and try to curate your content types around that. But how do I know what my audience likes? Look back no more than six months into your social news feed history. Look for trends in what you’re audience responded to. If you see a 35% increase in engagement when you post videos, focus on curating video content posts. Look to your audience, they’ll tell you what they want to see. How to Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your Brand Think about the content you share for a second. Is it all your own content? If so, that needs to change. As much as your audience may love you, they want to see a variety of content. This is what we call content curation. Its simply sharing the content from others similar to you on social media.  Sharing others’  content is one of the best ways to show that you’re not all about you, and that you value a variety of perspectives beyond your own. If you are already curating content, are you doing it correctly? Is it the right content for your audience? Lets take a look! By the end of this post, youll be a pro at content curation. Table of Contents Whats the Definition of Content Curation? What Are the Benefits? See Some Examples of Well-Curated Content What Content Should Your Company Curate? Choosing Tools and Developing a Workflow The Best Curation Frequency and MixHow To Curate Content the Best Way to Grow Your BrandWhat Is  Social Media Content Curation? Marketers borrowed the word curate from museums. Curators are the ones who strategically choose  collections of art that appeal to a specific audience to feature in their museums. When you apply that concept  to social media curation, the definition looks like this: Content curation involves: Planning topics your audience loves. Searching for content from others that ties into those topics and your audiences interests. Sharing only the best information you find on your social networks for your audience to. To help you get started, here are a a few freebies to download: Content Curation Template: Keep track of your favorite content curation sources with this Excel template. Content Curation Frequency Infographic: Know the best frequency and mix for sharing content. Social Media Marketing Calendar: Plan every post, all in one place. Five Key Benefits to Curating Content There are many reasons a team will turn to using curated content for social media. Your Marketing Team Can't Produce Enough Social Media Content  On Their Own Social media requires a steady stream of professional, reputable content. Twitter alone should have about 15 unique posts a day (typically). By utilizing great curated content, you're able to fill those gaps more easily. How to Curate Content For Social Media To Help Boost Your ReachIt's Efficient and Cost-Effective Since you're not being slowed down by creating every piece of content yourself, curation is a great way to still have a content marketing strategy in place without investing a huge amount of money and time. Position Your Brand as a Thought Leader Once you get to know your audience and curate only the best, most share-worthy content tailored to them, you'll be recognized as a trustworthy and dependable specialist in your area. In other words, they'll trust that you know what you're talking about. Maintain Conversations With Your Audience Especially in the early stages of your content initiative, it's important that you figure out exactly who your audience is and what kind of content they like to devour and share. The only way to do this is by experimenting with several different content types, and the last thing you should be doing is creating all  of that content. By curating and tracking performance, you quickly pick up on what your audience  finds valuable, in what format they like to consume, from which sources, at what time of day, etc. For audiences that are more mobile and social, content curation is a great way to start and maintain a conversation every day. It also allows you to be present with your audience without making it all about you. Experiment with content types and topics to find  out what your readers  want. #contentcurationIt's a Great Way to Connect With Influencers Behind the scenes, the relationships you build with other influencers in the space by showcasing their work is a happy byproduct of content curation. Remember that analogy I made about the kid who stole homework and claimed it as his own? That's all wrong. It's more like the kid collected and compiled the best work from multiple kids' homework, printed out copies for everyone, and shared it as a study aid. #ContentCuration is like finding  the best work from everywhere and  sharing it with everyone.As a curator, when you share someone else's content, you are giving it more exposure and doing so in a favorable light. You are saying, "Hey, check this out. The message in this is totally on point." And the original content creators will remember this! When done right with proper attribution, curation creates symbiotic relationships. 7  Examples of Quality Curated Content So, what does quality social media content curation look like? Get an idea with these seven  examples. Every one of these posts does the following things: Shares something from a reputable source. Adds its own perspective with custom post copy. Adds value for each brand's audience. #1.   Convince and Convert #2. RealTruck.com #3.   Passion Planner #4. Cambria Quartz #5. Buzzfeed #6. Lemonly #7. Sanford Health Assembling Your Content Curation Toolbox Now that we've covered how awesome and beneficial content curation is, it's time to implement it into your own strategy. First off, you'll need to locate and find curation worth sharing. It's one thing to share content, but it's another thing to share good content. So where do you find this magical content? RSS readers. Gather the RSS feeds of content you know your audience will consistently enjoy. Categorize them tightly into narrowly focused topical groupings so you can better plan on the topics you’ll share when the planning stage comes. A tool like Feedly works well for this. BuzzSumo: This powerful platform is excellent for surfacing highly shared and trending content. Google Alerts. Sign up for Google Alerts on topics your readers care about.  Be cautious about two things: 1) make your search as narrow as possible, or you’ll regret the flood of information, and 2) read the content you find since it’s a bit of a wild card what Google will dig up for you. You can send these alerts directly to your email. Focused social network lists. Create Twitter lists  of people who  belong in particular niches. Having all of the users in your general news feed isn’t helpful if you're trying to curate according to topic when it comes time to plan. Just as you want to categorize your RSS feeds, you ought to do the same with your social feeds. Forums and groups. Places like Inbound.org and other similar industry or niche related forums are perfect places to find currently hot content. Look to curate  content that is getting a lot of discussion on it. Pieces that die in silence without much reaction can be seen as being down-voted by the crowd. That kind of content is  probably not something your audience is going to want to read and talk about, either. Sign up for emails. Find great email newsletters that consistently share content you might not otherwise find. They’re doing curation of their own, and there’s nothing stopping you from making use of their finds. Just be sure to check them out to be sure it’s something your audience would want. Don’t assume  just because someone else gave it a seal of approval. If you're looking for more options, check out this list of tools  from Curata. With tools like Feedly and Storify, you can create different categories of content and save time!  In the social media world we have  no time to spare, so curation tools are here to help. Know What And How To Curate You can’t share junk. No one wants their social feed filled with garbage, so simply publishing posts for the sake of needing to do it is a bad idea. Find the best content, the content you enjoyed, the content your audience members are sharing and talking about, the content that is actually helpful. Curate and share only the best content your audience is  talking about that is actually helpful.That means you have to actually read the stuff. You have to be willing to go past the headline and make sure the content you’re going to share is well-written, well-thought, and (here’s a pet peeve of mine) accessible if your audience member doesn’t have a subscription to a website. Nothing is more irksome than following a link to a piece of content I can’t read unless I subscribe. Unless you know your audience is mostly subscribed to a site, share that content by linking, summarizing, commenting on, and quoting it in your own standalone blog post. If a tool makes it easy to fill your content curation schedule with recommended content without you having to read it, be careful. You're trusting them to curate for you and your audience is expecting you to be the tour guide in the library, not someone else. Curation keeps your social schedule fresh and promotional social messages  to a minimum.Start By Finding Your Content Core As a content curator, it's your goal to share content that your audience will enjoy and benefit from.  The purpose of the content core exercise  is to understand the difference between what you do, and what you need to talk about. Visually, the content core looks something like this: At the center of your content is what you do. At , we make editorial calendar software, so this is a combination of social media and content marketing topics. For our customers, we solve problems such as: Providing a single interface for planning and executing content marketing efforts. Displaying an upcoming publishing schedule on a visualized monthly calendar. Allowing users to reschedule content via simple drag-and-drop. Facilitating team communication and an effective workflow. Providing a tool that helps them save time and grow their blog traffic. These are topics we should definitely write about and be searching for to help our audience understand a correlation between our tool and their needs. As we move away (ever so slightly) from our content core and focus on what our target audience really wants to hear about, we improve the  effectiveness  of our content marketing and better focus in on our target audience’s needs. Keep this in mind when you are searching content  through various sources. There are plenty  of tools out there that will help you with curation, you just have to figure out what your audience wants to read about then decide which sources will work best for you. Here are some examples of strong sources: Reputable publications in your industry. Blogs from other companies you partner with. Your clients, if you're an agency or consultant. Content Marketing Institute also put together a killer list of curation sources. Are you curating content from the best possible sources?Identify What Types Of Content Your Audience Likes To See Does your audience prefer videos or blog posts? How about quizzes or polls? Identify what resonates with your audience and try to curate your content types around that. But how do I know what my audience likes? Look back no more than six months into your social news feed history. Look for trends in what you’re audience responded to. If you see a 35% increase in engagement when you post videos, focus on curating video content posts. Look to your audience, they’ll tell you what they want to see.

The Marketing Mix Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Marketing Mix - Research Paper Example This paper will describe the four Ps in the marketing mix for Sun Chips by Pepsi Company. The product is one of the critical elements of the marketing mix. It places emphasis on the product design and how it meets the needs of the customers. With increasing competition in the business world, companies focus on unique product designs with features that appeal to the customers. The Pepsi Company has relied on innovation to make healthy products that are environmentally friendly as well. Moreover, the Sun Chips are unique because they are made from corn and wheat using the solar energy. The fact that the Sun Chips define a healthy snack available for many Americans makes it a preferred product by customers who are aware of their healthy eating needs. Notably, the Sun Chips pack its products in bags of a material that decomposes easily (Ferrell and Hartline 61). This exhibits the company’s commitment to environmental sustainability. Since Pepsi’s Sun Chips are as general foods, they are available in retail shops in different states. The availability of the product in close proximity to the customers is an advantage for the company. This is because customers in need of the product can purchase it at once at the nearest retailer shops. Moreover, customers can interact with the sales and the marketing team on the company’s website. However, this is convenient for wholesale buyers who need the product in bulk. The company owns its distribution channels, a factor that ensures that it has en evident control over the availability of its products in different stores (68). The Pepsi Company as relied on television advertising for a long time. However, it seems to be embracing technology by venturing into e-marketing as well as online promotions available at the company’s web site. This ensures that more people are aware of the company’s products a factor that is likely to increase sales. Effective promotion is of critical importance in an effort to

Ways that internet has changed political interactions globally Essay

Ways that internet has changed political interactions globally - Essay Example Naturally then, political interactions are no exception. Internet has changed the political interaction globally in a number of ways across the entire â€Å"life cycle† of a political candidate – from the way electoral candidates reach out to the masses for proposing their agendas and for raising funds, to how they interact with the people once in power (or not in power), to how they formulate policy - both domestic and foreign, and finally even to how people oppose the government. Internet, through its large plethora of social networks, news and information sites/blogs has become a major force in the election process globally – for information gathering by masses about the political agendas, for marketing and advertising of candidate’s visions, and for fund raising. The US presidential elections in 2000 marked the beginning of the active use of internet in the election process as all candidates started opening and maintaining their websites. By 2004, blogs started cropping up and became a leading source of information and update for the people about the electoral process, and political parties started using the internet to promote their candidate’s visions. And in 2008, internet made it possible to overcome one of the biggest challenges of the electoral process – collecting small donations cost effectively. Until then, it was considered too costly to get the small donors’ money and was often neglected; the Obama campaign col lected an estimated $300 million through small donations made on the internet and showed how internet could easily overcome this problem with the biggest cost in the process being the transaction fee on cards. The effective use of internet is also often credited for a relatively young and unknown Senator Obama going on to become the president of the US. Internet has also changed the way politicians communicate with the masses in general – for information dissemination and opinion gathering. It allows a rapid interaction

The Total Tourist Experience Essay Example for Free

The Total Tourist Experience Essay The travel and tourism industry is made up of six different components, they are: * Travel Agents * Tour Operators * Transportation * Accommodation and Catering * Tourist development and Promotion * Tourist Attractions Should a tourist decide to take a holiday, he/she is likely to visit a travel agent to inquire about various holidays on offer and prices available. Travel agents are agents for tour operators; they sell package holidays, products and services on behalf of the tour operator and are paid a commission or fee by the tour operator. Travel agents offer products and services such as; travel insurance, flights, car-hire, ferry crossings, train tickets, advice etc. There are two types of travel agents; they are the Retail Travel Agent and the Business Travel Agent. The larger Business Travel Agents are members of the Guild of Business Travel Agents (GBTA) and make up over 80% of business travel arrangements through travel agencies. Leading GBTA Business Travel Agents are, American Express Europe Ltd, Britannic Travel Ltd, Carlson Wagonlits, Hogg Robinson Travel Ltd, Portman Travel Ltd and Seaforth Travel Ltd. The Business Travel Agents concentrate on the sale of travel related products to business clients and are sometimes located in an office within the organisation, for which they provide travel arrangements (in-house). Business travel involves getting the client to the appropriate destination for business meetings and related duties. The Retail Travel Agents belong to the Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA). The role of the Retail Travel Agent is to provide a location, where tourists who are seeking information about travel plans will go. The Retail Travel Agents sell arrange of leisure and recreation travel products and services to outgoing, incoming and domestic tourists. They act as a link between customers and tour operators; they are in constant contact with airlines and car hire companies. Contact is maintained over the phone, through the post and the computer systems in place e.g. Amadeus, Galileo, Sabre, and World Span. Many Retail Travel Agents advise customers, suggest possible holidays, answer questions, make bookings and help customers with travel problems. They also sell ancillary products and services e.g. travel insurance, foreign currency, travellers cheques etc. There are four main leading travel agents, they are; Lunn Poly Ltd, Going Places, The Thomas Cook Group and Carlson Worldchoice. Between them, they sell over 60% of inclusive tours in the UK and account for 1/3 of the total number of high street travel agency branches in the UK. A tourist is most likely to choose a holiday that is an inclusive deal e.g. flights and accommodation. These deals have been designed and compiled by a tour operator. Tour operators provide a wide range of products and services for domestic, outgoing and incoming tourists. They arrange transport, accommodation and leisure activities to make up the holiday package. Holiday packages are usually sold through travel agents. Due to customer demand, tour operators offer flexible options for their customers e.g. flight only and multi-centred holidays. Tour operators usually belong to ABTA or the Association of International Tour Operators (AITO). Tour operators can specialise e.g. selling to the mass market, which means they offer tours to the general public and cater for all their needs and outbound tour operators who organise package holidays abroad. Examples of tour operators are; Thomson Holidays Ltd and Airtours plc. There are specialist long haul operators e.g. Kuoni Travel Ltd. Travel Scene specialise in city breaks while Crystal and Ski Bound specialise in winter sports. Tour operators publicise their products through their own direct marketing e.g. Thomson Holidays Ltd own Portland Direct and Airtours plc own Direct Holidays. Thomson Holidays Ltd also encourages direct bookings from their brochures or packages, which are advertised and sold through travel agents. A tourist who is going on holiday can choose from a variety of different transportation methods, they include cars, trains, planes or boats. Transportation means providing travel to and from a destination, travelling around a destination or it can be the main feature of a tourists trip. Transport can be divided into four different categories, they are: * Air- scheduled flights, charter flights or air taxis * Water- ferries, cruise ships, hover crafts or river boats * Road- cars, motorbikes, coaches or buses * Rail- trains, tubes or trams The transport networks are the air, water and land routes, which various forms of transport travel along. Each network has starting and ending points, which are known as termini. Air travel has scheduled flights, which operate regularly according to published schedules or timetables e.g. Virgin Atlantic Airways fly five times a week to New York and three times a week to South Africa. Charter flights only operate when they are hired for a particular purpose. Tourists tend to take scheduled flights, as they are affordable, faster and convenient. Charter flights are expensive and need to be organised through companies. Tourists often have a choice of transport routes when deciding how to travel to their destinations, these include; sea- (ferries and cruises), which tend to be slow but flexible as tourists can take their cars on the channel crossings. Road- (motorways, auto-bahns, major trunk roads and the channel tunnel) this is a flexible means of transport. Finally, rail- (high speed lines and scenic railways) this is a quick means of transport to a destination. The choice of transport and type of route taken is based on four factors; cost, convenience and availability, journey time and services provided by the transport carrier. There is a variety of accommodation available for a tourist. It can range from five star hotel accommodations through to basic bed and breakfasts. The type of accommodation chosen by a tourist is usually dependent on his/her budget. Whilst on holiday a tourist will have a wide variety of catering facilities to choose from. He/she will choose a restaurant or takeaway that serves the food of his/her choice. Accommodation and catering are organisations, which provide tourists with places to stay and to eat. In the UK there are many single outlets and multinational operators. Catering services operate separately from accommodation in some cases. Restaurants, pubs, fast-food outlets and cafes provide arrange of choices from quick snacks to haute cuisines. Some restaurants offer fixed priced menus or a la carte menus, where customers pay for separate items. Pubs are popular as they provide cooked meals, hot snacks, salads and sandwiches with alcohol. Fast-food outlets are convenient and offer items such as hamburgers, pizzas, pasta and baked potatoes. Examples of fast-food outlets are Mc Donalds and KFC. Tourists who are travelling either by plane or train e.g. Eurostar, are often offered catering, which is prepared and packaged meals. Accommodation can be divided into serviced or self-catering. Full serviced means it includes meals and house keeping. Examples of places that offer serviced accommodation is hotels, motels, guest houses or lodges. Serviced accommodation can be divided in a number of ways including the number of bedrooms, small- (ten rooms or less), medium- (eleven-fifty rooms) and large- (more than fifty rooms). Serviced establishments are awarded a rating, which indicates the range of facilities provided. The National Tourist Boards (NTBs) for England, Scotland and Wales have developed the Crown Classification System for hotels, guesthouses, bed and breakfasts and farmhouses. The number of crowns awarded represents the range of facilities and services provided. Self-catering accommodation means tourists are provided with accommodation but have to provide their own food, this type of accommodation is usually cheaper as fewer services are provided. Examples of self-catering are, apartments, camping sites, timeshare and chalets. The tourist board inspectors check both serviced and self-catering accommodations and each of the establishments are graded for quality e.g. Travel Lodge is for budget accommodation while grand hotels e.g. The Ritz and The Hilton are classed as five star accommodations. Tourist development and promotion are the support services of the industry and will work together to provide a tourist with an informative and interesting holiday experience. Tourist development and promotion comprises of tourism support, promotion services, Tourist Information Centres (TICs) and guiding services. Many local authorities have specific departments to support and develop tourism in different areas. This support includes marketing the area with the aid of brochures, distributing accommodation and entertainment guides and attending travel exhibitions to promote their areas. NTBs and Regional Tourist Boards (RTBs) work with local authorities to promote and develop local areas; this involves providing a wide range of services such as educational material, publicity guides and visitor guides. I will discuss each organisation that aids tourist development: * The British Tourist Authority (BTA) is an official government organisation formed in 1969 in conjunction with tourists boards for Scotland, Wales and England. Their role is to build the value of tourism to Britain by promoting tourism in Britain. The BTA advertises overseas, it also advises the government and businesses about tourism and carries out research. The BTA works with the Scottish, English, Welsh and Regional Tourist Boards to encourage inbound travel to the UK. It also works with the Department of Culture, Media and-Sport (DCMS), and liases with the British council and diplomatic staff to increase awareness as a travel destination. * NTBs are responsible for promoting domestic tourism in their respective areas. There are four main tourist boards, they are, the English Tourism Council (ETC), Scottish Tourist Board (STB), Northern Ireland Tourist Board (NITB) and Welsh Tourist Board (WTB). In Wales people refer to the WTB as Bwrdd Croeso Cymru. There are also separate tourist boards for the Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey. They have similar objectives, which include, advising the government on tourism matters, creating wealth and jobs, enhancing the image of their areas etc. * There are three RTBs in Wales and ten in England: * RTBs work together with NTBs to promote their areas; they have common programs under contract with the NTBs, such as information collection and networked tourist information centre systems. RTBs receive grants from the Central and National governments but they have to raise a portion of the income from commercial activities. * Local Authorities play an important role in developing, promoting and managing tourism in their areas e.g. Poole and Dorset are local authorities that work with local businesses to provide websites that promote tourism. Tourist attractions serve as sites of interest for a tourist. A tourist may visit different sites in connection with his or her private interests. The ETC defines a visitor attraction as: A permanently established excursion destination, a primary purpose of which is to allow public access for entertainment, interest or education, rather than being a primary retail outlet or venue for sporting, theatrical or film performances. It must be open to the public, without prior booking, for published periods each year, and should be capable of attracting day visitors or tourists as well as local residents. Outhart, T. Taylor, L. Barker, R. Marvell, A. (2000) Unit 1: Investigating travel and tourism, Structure of the travel and tourism industry. Advanced Vocational Travel and Tourism, London, Collins, p. 60. Attractions can be further divided into natural and built. Built attractions have been built by man or women e.g. Hampton Court Palace was built by King Henry VIII as a royal residents and today it is a tourist attraction because of its link to royalty and its preserved art work. Natural attractions have occurred through nature e.g. Cheddar Gorge. Some attractions are run by the private sector for a profit e.g. Madame Tussauds, while others are run by charities, such as, the National Trust or controlled by the public sector e.g. Stonehenge. Theme and leisure park attractions are action packed, family centred leisure and entertainment complexes, which often include technological versions of fun fair rides e.g. Alton Towers, Chessington World of Adventures etc. People are attracted to theme parks as it can be a family day out, as most theme parks have a variety of rides that cater for all age groups e.g. Blackpool Pleasure Beach, has a huge roller coaster, which is an attraction within itself. Heritage and historic sites range from century old historic sites e.g. Stonehenge to castles, cathedrals and stately homes. The majority of these historic sites were erected for a specific purpose in history e.g. castles were the residents/home to royalty, cathedrals were places of worship and the Tower of London served as a jail. Many historic buildings are owned by religious organisations or government agencies e.g. the historic royal palaces. The Museums Association defines a museum as: An institution which collects, preserves, exhibits and interprets material evidence and associated information for the public benefit. Outhart, T. Taylor, L. Barker, R. Marvell, A. (2000) Unit 1: Investigating travel and tourism, Structure of the travel and tourism industry. Advanced Vocational Travel and Tourism, London, Collins, p. 63. In other words, they are protestors of works of art. Museums are important for regional and local areas, as they protect and exhibit works of art or history from local areas e.g. Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum attracted over a million visitors in 1998, as people were interested in Scottish history. Countryside visitor attractions provide opportunities for people to enjoy leisure pastimes e.g. picnics, walks etc. Many areas have urban parks e.g. Hyde Park in London or gardens e.g. Kew Gardens. The best-known areas of countryside attractions are the national parks. National parks are protected areas of land; they protect the fauna and flora of the local area. There are not many facilities available to the public in these areas. Some parks may offer accommodation and activities, such as; walking, abseiling or pony trekking but these activities will be limited. There are now eleven national parks in England and Wales e.g. Dartmoor, Snowdonia, Lake District etc. All the above components of the travel and tourism industry work simultaneously to provide a total tourist experience for a tourist or visitor. It starts with a tour operator, who will plan the holiday to the travel agent, who sells the package. The airline, train or ferry will provide the transport to the hotels or campsites, where the tourist will sleep (accommodation), to whichever restaurant or take away that he/she eats from (catering). The tourist might then visit an attraction that has been promoted in some way, either by the tourist board or through the local tourist information kiosk. These components are invisibly linked but work together to make sure that the tourist enjoys his/her visit to such an extent that he/she will return or by word of mouth, to generate other visitors.

Scandals :: essays research papers fc

Imagine a boardroom of these corporate executives, along with their lawyers, accountants, and investment bankers, plotting and planning to take over a public company. The date is set; an announcement is only weeks away. Once the meeting is over, several phone their brokers and instruct them to purchase tons of stock of the Target Company. When the buyout is announced, the share price zooms up and the investors drop these stock shares for millions of dollars in profits. Insider trading is perfectly legal. The officers and directors who owe a duty to stockholders have the same right to trade and purchase the security as the next person does. The primary difference between legal and illegal insider trading lies in the motive. What I plan to explain in this paper is investigating the illegal aspects of insider trading and the scandal of it. What is insider trading? According to Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, it is "any manipulative or deceptive device in connection with the purchase or sale of any security." This ruling served as a deterrent for the early part of this century before the stock market became such a vital part of our lives. But as the 1960"s arrived and illegal insider activity to be a lot, courts were chained by the vague definition. So members of the judicial system were now forced to interpret "on the fly" since Congress failed to resource them with a concrete definition. This resulted in two theories of insider trading liability that have evolved over the past three decades through judicial and administrative interpretation. The classic and the misappropriation theory, is the classic concept is the type of illegal activity one usually thinks of when the words "insider trading" are said. This theory started from the 1961 SEC administrative case o f Cady Roberts. This was the Sec’s first time to regulate these security trading’s by corporate insiders. The ruling basiacally brought about the way that we define insider trading - "trading of a firms stock or derivatives assets by its officers, directors and other key employees on the basis of information not available to the public." The Supreme Court officially recognized the classical theory in the 1980 case U.S. v. Chiarella. U.S. v. Chiarella was the first criminal case of insider trading. Vincent Chiarella was a printer who put together the coded packets used by companies preparing to launch a tender offer for other firms.

Information Technology Essay

A number of professions in our society are required to abide by a certain set of rules that regulate their actions due to the nature of work they are engaged in. Examples are those of lawyers, doctors, accountants, who follow codes of ethics that define acceptable and punishable behavior to patients and clients. Now, as we are moving towards the information age, more and more organizations are evolving to system automation as they abandon old manual methods of data storage and maintenance. The field of Information Technology has really changed the way people work. As company’s valuable information and data are stored, IT security professionals, just like doctors and lawyers are tasked with important functions, they hold responsibilities that are concerned with the protection of data and systems from unauthorized external and internal access, prevention of disruption especially from software and hardware attacks, modification and destruction of networks. By handling these delicate information they posses a great deal of power that may be abused. The First issue that highlights the need for a code of ethics for IT professionals is that of privacy, one of the hottest topics in information security. These professionals are able to access crucial information which may be about customers, industries, government agencies, corporations, people and networks, that if used wrongly will result to serious legal implications. An example of which is an IT security personnel, in charge of regulating website access of employees of a company. During the course of blocking off sites and programming firewalls, they can install key loggers that enables them to view whatever a person types on a keyboard, these may include credit card numbers, personal information, notes and emails. Release of such vital information can provide the necessary tools for identity theft, fraud, misrepresentation, blackmail and commission of many more crimes. Another issue linked to privacy of information, is confidentiality. Company information such as new products, financial reports, projected plans and researches can be sold off to competitors, this can lead to serious business damage such as bankruptcy of a business. Third, is the monetary benefit that may be derived from the manipulation of a system. Aside from actual theft of information, IT security professionals can alter programmed security measures and charge additional fees for something that they themselves maneuvered. They can make a system appear to be vulnerable to threats created by them. (Whitman and Mottard, 2007, p. 0-99) Moving forward, a number of companies are able to recognize the need to abide by ethical practices. An example of an ethical security practice is that of Cisco Systems Inc. , a multinational IT corporation that designs and sells network communication technology and services. They once encountered a vulnerability that the company felt would affect the health of the Internet, so the company contacted backbone providers first to ensure their systems were patched to protect them from the threat. (Davidson, 2008, Leading By Example). The company has since then receive various awards for Ethical practices. Another example is the development of a software that would at least prevent and regulate unethical security attacks, such as identity theft. This was the creation of Secure Electronic Transfers (SET) which was as developed by SETco, led by VISA and MasterCard (and involving other companies such as GTE, IBM, Microsoft, Netscape, RSA and VeriSign). A set of security protocols that ensures the safety of information from the buyer to the internet, that also takes into consideration safety of consumers. In conclusion, an organization entrusts valuable assets of network and data security to Information Security Professionals. However, unlike older professions such as medicine and law, most ethical issues regarding this occupation have not been codified to a specific law, and there is still no mandatory association such as (Bar association, American Board for Medicine) that has established a detailed code of ethics that is uniform across all IT professionals. So organizations must take it upon themselves to instill a code of ethics to ensure that these personnel understand the moral and legal implications of their actions.

Burger King Incorporation

This is the second leading fast food chain in United States; it mainly concentrates on the use of restaurants of which the company has franchises more than 10400 restaurants that are all over in about 71 countries worldwide (Glenn, 1995, p C2). This was established the two Miami entrepreneurs back in the 1954 and later sold it to the Pillsbury in the year 1967. Today, its head offices are situated at Miami, Florida.By the year 2008, the company had around 41,000 people as their employees. With the demographic forces, the company has extended its wings to many countries that all over the world.With this, they have managed to serve over 15. 7 million customers, of which have ended up submitting them to some of the forces (Louise, 1996, pg 14). This is because, different people tend to perceive thing differently and thus, they have been forced to come up with ways in which they can satisfy all the clients in the company. This mainly concerns with the type of materials that they use to c ome up with their product, and the way they label the product to attract the market at a given locality.As regard to the many franchises within the company, the franchisee began to collide with each other. This led to the deterioration of their relationship which in the long run resulted to the falling sales within the company. This was the major economic force that the company faced in the year 2001 till they were forced to sell the company to group of investors in late 2002. The company faces competition forces mainly from McDonalds Corporation who is their principal competitor in the market (Brymer, 2000, pg 22).This company has managed to outdo the Burger King because of their ability to be able to serve around 15 million customer daily, this has also been as the regard to the fact that the company has more restaurant outlet compared to that of the Burger King, while Burger have 10,400 restaurants worldwide, the McDonalds Corporation has 31,000 restaurant worldwide. This has giv en them the advantage to reach to more client than the Burger King. Reference Brymer, R. A. & Hashimoto, K. (2000) Hospitality & Tourism: An Introduction to the Industry pp 20-24 United States: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Compan

3 Amazing CoSchedule Features That Will Keep You Super Organized

3 Amazing Features That Will Keep You Super Organized If marketers have anything in common it’s that we all need fewer scheduling headaches and more free time. We need to stay organized, and that’s why we built in the first place. It’s also why we keep adding more time-saving features to your favorite editorial calendar. As we head into a new year of publishing, here are a few of our newest and most popular features that you should already be using to save time while staying organized. They are all new, and exclusively available in our newest set of plans.Feature #1: Google Chrome Extension Curate content from around the web and track it on your calendar. Our brand new Google Chrome Extension is the answer to one of our most requested features of all time. has always made it easy to schedule social media messages that promote your own content, but many marketers are also looking for an easier way to curate content from around the web. With our new extension, you can quickly add social messages from anywhere on the web to your calendar. Youll have a perfectly-tuned social media presence in no time. Can I tell you, I FREAKING LOVE ! Why didnt I jump on this MONTHS ago? Its SO awesome being able to just schedule this stuff and know that its going out,  that Im promoting, but dont have to be sitting on the computer (as I most often do) to do it!!! - Lynne Feifer Feature #2: Built-In Headline Analyzer Write the best headlines without ever leaving .  You know that headlines matter. They matter a lot. A well-optimized headline can get you more shares, retweets, clicks, likes, and loves. More importantly, a great headline can help you get the traffic you deserve for each and every post. At , we’ve collected data from millions of blog posts to  develop the internets leading Headline Analyzer Tool, and now that technology is built right into - saving you time, and making your marketing even better. As you are creating new blog posts and marketing content you can now score your overall headline quality in seconds and rate its ability to result in social shares, increased traffic, and SEO value. Headline Analyzer is awesome! Always more reasons to love .† - Danielle, Blue Kite Marketing Feature #3: Evernote + Google Docs FTW Write your content in Evernote (or Google Docs) and convert it into WordPress  with a single click.   The world of a marketer includes many tools- including a few that are specifically geared at content creation. We asked our customers what their most important editing tools were and both Google Docs and Evernote immediately jumped to the top of the list. During the past year, we’ve integrated with both.Now, allows you to connect your Evernote Notes or Google Docs directly to . To sweeten the deal, weve even built a way to convert those Notes (or docs) into real live WordPress blog posts. Simply click convert, and we’ll import all your formatting, text, and images directly into WordPress without skipping a beat. It’s the perfect integration to leverage some of your favorite tools, while saving tons of time in the process.

Cavalier Poetry

Cavalier Poetry is an early 17th century movement centered chiefly on Thomas Carew, Robert Herrick, Richard Lovelace, Henry Vaughn and John Suckling. Ben Jonson admired most of these poets. Cavalier Poetry takes its name from the supporters of King Charles I in the 17th century. These supporters at this period were called the Cavaliers; They were royalists during the civil wars. Aspect of Literary characteriscs, Cavalier Poetry is different from metaphysical poetry because it does not use complicated metaphors and unrealistic imagery. It prefers a rather clear expression. Although It did not confuse readers with deep meaning and allegory It reflected every thought. Its subject was mostly related to carpe diem (meaning seize the day). Using of direct language is the most common characteristic of Cavalier Poetry. This states a fairly individualistic personality. While writing, the Cavaliers admit the ideal of the Renaissance Gentleman who is a soldier, a lover, clever, a musician, and a poet. However They keep away from the religion subject except making several graceful speeches. They do not try understand depths of soul. Indeed, they treat life freely, and occasionally they treat poetic canvention freely, as well. Life is too enjoyable for them in a study. They must write the poems in intervals of living and their poems reflect things which are much alive and enjoyable than philosophy or art. English Lyrical Tradition was contributed by the Cavaliers. They displayed us that it was probable for poetry celebrating the small pleasures and sadnesses of life. The most comman format of poetry that comes to mind is a typical example of the Cavalier thought structure.